John Lettieri, President and CEO of Economic Innovation Group | Official Website
John Lettieri, President and CEO of Economic Innovation Group | Official Website
Among all government transfer programs, Income Maintenance was the smallest contributor in the county. Social Security was the largest contributor, totaling $202.55 million, equating to $3,733 per capita and making up 37.9% of total transfers.
Comparatively, Income Maintenance transfers across Kentucky amounted to $5.87 billion, ranking lowest among all transfer types within the state. This translates to an average of $1,300 per capita, or 10.1% of total government transfers. Including all transfer types, government transfer payments totaled $58.17 billion, accounting for 24.8% of residents’ total income, with an average of $12,890 per resident.
Medicare was the second largest contributor in Jessamine County in 2022, accounting for $135.82 million, averaging $2,503 per capita, representing 25.4% of transfers. Medicaid transfers provided another $83.83 million, averaging $1,545 per capita and comprising 15.7% of government support, making them the third largest contributors.
Government transfer payments are non-repayable funds provided by federal, state, or local governments to support individuals in need. These payments aim to stabilize economic conditions and provide financial support during hardships. Key programs include Social Security transfers (retirement benefits), Medicare transfers (healthcare for seniors), Medicaid transfers (healthcare for low-income individuals), and income maintenance transfers (financial assistance for basic needs).
With 16.5% of the population aged 65 and older, Jessamine County has a significant demand for programs like Social Security and Medicare. Despite this aid, the total per capita income in Jessamine County, excluding government transfers was $48,336, which is noticeably below the county's total income of $58,177, emphasizing the role of government transfers in overall income.
When comparing 2022 to the previous year, Jessamine County saw a decrease in its Income Maintenance transfer dependency by 0.5%.
Government transfers have long been a modest financial safety net, historically comprising only a small fraction of Americans' income. However, since the 1970s—sometimes dubbed the “Great Transfer-mation”—dependency has surged from 8.2% (or $2,022 per capita in inflation-adjusted 2022 dollars) in 1970 to 17.6% (or $11,542 per capita) in 2022 nationwide. In Jessamine County, reliance on government transfers has similarly increased from 7.4% (or $1,387 per capita) in 1970 to 16.9% (or $9,841 per capita) in 2022, reflecting broader national trends.
According to the Economic Innovation Group’s analysis, these trends are not merely short-term responses to economic pressures but rather reflect a profound, long-term transformation in how government support is integrated into American life. The study illustrates that structural shifts—from rising healthcare expenses and demographic changes to stagnant wages—have significantly increased dependency on government transfers.
| County | Rank | Dependency on Transfers (%) | % Population 65+ | Social Security Transfers (%) | Medicare Transfers (%) | Medicaid Transfers (%) | Income Maintenance Transfers (%) | Per Capita Transfers ($) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jefferson County | 1 | 18.8% | 17.3% | 6% | 4.4% | 4.8% | 1.9% | $12,061 |
| Fayette County | 2 | 15.8% | 14.9% | 5.4% | 3.7% | 3.4% | 1.6% | $9,400 |
| Kenton County | 3 | 14.8% | 15.8% | 5.1% | 3.8% | 3.2% | 1.4% | $10,281 |
| Hardin County | 4 | 24.6% | 15.1% | 6.5% | 5.1% | 4.6% | 2.3% | $12,992 |
| Warren County | 5 | 21.7% | 13.4% | 6.4% | 4.9% | 5.3% | 2.5% | $10,027 |
| Daviess County | 6 | 26.9% | 17.8% | 8.7% | 6.4% | 7% | 2.4% | $13,229 |
| Pulaski County | 7 | 39.9% | 19.8% | 10.1% | 7.6% | 15.4% | 3.4% | $18,381 |
| Boone County | 8 | 14.5% | 14.8% | 5.7% | 4.1% | 1.6% | 1.2% | $8,527 |
| Pike County | 9 | 44.8% | 20.3% | 12.5% | 10.1% | 14.2% | 4.3% | $19,526 |
| Madison County | 10 | 24% | 14.7% | 7.8% | 5.4% | 5% | 2.4% | $10,653 |
| Campbell County | 11 | 17.5% | 17.6% | 6.2% | 4.6% | 3.7% | 1.3% | $10,796 |
| McCracken County | 12 | 24.1% | 20.6% | 8.2% | 5.6% | 5.9% | 2% | $14,020 |
| Christian County | 13 | 27.7% | 12.9% | 6.7% | 5.5% | 7.2% | 3.5% | $11,863 |
| Laurel County | 14 | 33.3% | 17.2% | 9.7% | 6.8% | 10% | 3.9% | $13,437 |
| Bullitt County | 15 | 19.2% | 17.4% | 7.9% | 4.8% | 2.9% | 1.6% | $9,832 |
| Boyd County | 16 | 34.1% | 20.3% | 10.3% | 8.1% | 8.8% | 3.2% | $15,653 |
| Floyd County | 17 | 48.5% | 19.8% | 12.1% | 9.5% | 17.9% | 5.5% | $21,074 |
| Whitley County | 18 | 46.9% | 16% | 9.2% | 11.1% | 15.5% | 5.5% | $19,775 |
| Franklin County | 19 | 27.8% | 18.7% | 9.8% | 8.5% | 4.9% | 2.4% | $13,770 |
| Hopkins County | 20 | 32% | 19.2% | 10.1% | 7.6% | 8% | 3% | $14,987 |
| Henderson County | 21 | 28.8% | 19.4% | 9.5% | 7.2% | 6.9% | 2.7% | $14,061 |
| Barren County | 22 | 31.3% | 18.3% | 9.7% | 7.5% | 8.3% | 3.1% | $13,406 |
| Perry County | 23 | 48.7% | 18.3% | 10.7% | 9.6% | 19.3% | 5.6% | $21,011 |
| Harlan County | 24 | 57.3% | 19.6% | 13.9% | 10.7% | 21.6% | 6.7% | $21,605 |
| Graves County | 25 | 30.1% | 19% | 8.8% | 7.5% | 8.7% | 2.7% | $15,119 |
| Nelson County | 26 | 21.8% | 17.2% | 7.9% | 5.9% | 4% | 2% | $11,610 |
| Greenup County | 27 | 32.5% | 22.2% | 9.8% | 8% | 7.3% | 2.6% | $15,475 |
| Oldham County | 28 | 10.2% | 14.6% | 4.3% | 2.4% | 1.6% | 0.5% | $7,819 |
| Jessamine County | 29 | 16.9% | 16.5% | 6.4% | 4.3% | 2.7% | 1.9% | $9,841 |
| Knox County | 30 | 47.4% | 17.8% | 10.6% | 7.7% | 19.2% | 7.1% | $17,645 |
| Bell County | 31 | 54.2% | 19.9% | 11.8% | 10.5% | 22% | 6.8% | $21,480 |
| Scott County | 32 | 15.2% | 13.1% | 6% | 3.5% | 2.3% | 1.6% | $8,006 |
| Letcher County | 33 | 55.9% | 21% | 14.7% | 11.2% | 20.9% | 5.8% | $21,950 |
| Shelby County | 34 | 16.6% | 17% | 6.7% | 4.3% | 2.5% | 1.5% | $9,361 |
| Clark County | 35 | 25.9% | 18.4% | 9% | 6.1% | 5.9% | 2.7% | $12,304 |
| Marshall County | 36 | 29.5% | 22.7% | 11.4% | 7.6% | 5.6% | 2.1% | $14,279 |
| Muhlenberg County | 37 | 36.9% | 20.4% | 11.7% | 9.2% | 9.3% | 3.4% | $14,844 |
| Calloway County | 38 | 27.1% | 17.3% | 9.3% | 6.7% | 5.3% | 2.1% | $11,910 |
| Carter County | 39 | 41.9% | 19.9% | 11.7% | 9.9% | 12.2% | 4.6% | $16,109 |
| Clay County | 40 | 53.5% | 16% | 10.1% | 10.3% | 23.1% | 7.9% | $20,315 |
| Johnson County | 41 | 45.9% | 19.3% | 12.4% | 9.5% | 15.1% | 5.1% | $18,025 |
| Taylor County | 42 | 36.6% | 18.2% | 10.5% | 9% | 10.2% | 3.6% | $14,555 |
| Grayson County | 43 | 34.4% | 18.5% | 10.3% | 8.7% | 8.8% | 3.5% | $14,287 |
| Boyle County | 44 | 27.2% | 19.2% | 9.4% | 6.7% | 5.9% | 2.6% | $12,309 |
| Logan County | 45 | 30.5% | 18.9% | 9.4% | 7.7% | 7.9% | 2.8% | $13,501 |
| Lincoln County | 46 | 36.3% | 18.6% | 10.3% | 9% | 9.4% | 4.2% | $14,534 |
| Ohio County | 47 | 36.5% | 18.7% | 11.3% | 8.4% | 9.9% | 3.6% | $14,612 |
| Montgomery County | 48 | 28.5% | 16.8% | 9.3% | 6.9% | 6.6% | 3.3% | $12,077 |
| Grant County | 49 | 27.8% | 14.4% | 8.9% | 7.5% | 6% | 3.1% | $12,639 |
| Rowan County | 50 | 35.2% | 15% | 9.4% | 7.7% | 10.4% | 3.8% | $13,151 |
| Wayne County | 51 | 44.2% | 22.3% | 11.7% | 8.7% | 15.5% | 5.5% | $16,268 |
| McCreary County | 52 | 56.1% | 16.5% | 10.3% | 10.4% | 24.3% | 7.4% | $19,100 |
| Meade County | 53 | 21.4% | 15.7% | 7.6% | 4.2% | 3.5% | 2.1% | $10,014 |
| Knott County | 54 | 53% | 20.7% | 11.9% | 10% | 22.2% | 5.9% | $21,583 |
| Woodford County | 55 | 17.2% | 20.8% | 7.6% | 4.7% | 2% | 1.3% | $10,763 |
| Adair County | 56 | 37.5% | 19.7% | 9.6% | 8% | 13.1% | 3.6% | $15,220 |
| Russell County | 57 | 31.4% | 21% | 8.4% | 6.7% | 10.7% | 3.4% | $15,947 |
| Breathitt County | 58 | 56.1% | 18.9% | 11.1% | 9.8% | 25.6% | 7.2% | $21,501 |
| Breckinridge County | 59 | 32.3% | 20.2% | 10.5% | 8.1% | 7.5% | 3.1% | $13,425 |
| Lawrence County | 60 | 45.9% | 19% | 11.9% | 8.9% | 15.8% | 5.2% | $17,406 |
| Mercer County | 61 | 27.6% | 19.1% | 10.3% | 6.8% | 5.5% | 2.6% | $12,210 |
| Allen County | 62 | 30.5% | 18.1% | 9.7% | 7.4% | 7.6% | 3.1% | $12,476 |
| Rockcastle County | 63 | 41.1% | 19.5% | 10.6% | 8.1% | 15.2% | 4.5% | $16,257 |
| Marion County | 64 | 30.2% | 17.4% | 8.6% | 6.8% | 9.7% | 3.2% | $13,172 |
| Casey County | 65 | 40.4% | 20.8% | 10.1% | 9.2% | 14.1% | 4.2% | $15,974 |
| Anderson County | 66 | 22.7% | 16.7% | 8.9% | 6% | 3.4% | 2.1% | $10,338 |
| Hart County | 67 | 31.9% | 17.5% | 9.3% | 6.5% | 9.6% | 3.6% | $12,644 |
| Magoffin County | 68 | 52.8% | 19.1% | 11.8% | 9.1% | 22.8% | 6.8% | $21,818 |
| Bourbon County | 69 | 21% | 20.2% | 7.5% | 5% | 4.8% | 2.2% | $12,035 |
| Harrison County | 70 | 29.2% | 18.6% | 10% | 7.8% | 6.2% | 3% | $12,446 |
| Mason County | 71 | 29% | 19.3% | 9.3% | 7.2% | 6.5% | 3.2% | $13,957 |
| Estill County | 72 | 42.6% | 19.3% | 10.4% | 9.1% | 13.8% | 5.3% | $16,596 |
| Simpson County | 73 | 27% | 17% | 9.4% | 7% | 5.3% | 2.7% | $11,642 |
| Leslie County | 74 | 56% | 19.7% | 13.5% | 10.3% | 23.6% | 6.1% | $21,778 |
| Garrard County | 75 | 28.7% | 19.2% | 9.8% | 7.5% | 5.7% | 3.1% | $12,476 |
| Martin County | 76 | 60.9% | 17.6% | 15.3% | 10.2% | 24.3% | 7.5% | $19,449 |
| Union County | 77 | 33.4% | 20.5% | 10.3% | 7.9% | 9.5% | 2.8% | $16,290 |
| Lewis County | 78 | 42.2% | 19.7% | 9.6% | 10% | 13.8% | 5.3% | $16,131 |
| Henry County | 79 | 26.6% | 18.7% | 8.9% | 7.5% | 5.8% | 2.4% | $13,190 |
| Trigg County | 80 | 32.6% | 23.2% | 11.9% | 8.8% | 4.4% | 2.5% | $14,503 |
| Spencer County | 81 | 18% | 15.8% | 6.6% | 5.2% | 3.2% | 1.2% | $10,099 |
| Jackson County | 82 | 42.6% | 18.3% | 10.4% | 9% | 14.6% | 5.9% | $15,649 |
| Morgan County | 83 | 44.9% | 17.5% | 11.4% | 10.5% | 15.5% | 5.2% | $14,244 |
| Powell County | 84 | 41.1% | 16.5% | 11.3% | 8.2% | 12.9% | 5.6% | $15,353 |
| Fleming County | 85 | 32% | 18.8% | 10.1% | 8% | 8.2% | 3.4% | $12,935 |
| Larue County | 86 | 30% | 17.9% | 9.6% | 6.8% | 7.9% | 2.9% | $12,747 |
| Caldwell County | 87 | 33.8% | 21.3% | 10.5% | 8.5% | 8.8% | 3% | $15,101 |
| Monroe County | 88 | 37% | 19.3% | 8.5% | 9.2% | 13.2% | 3.8% | $16,535 |
| Green County | 89 | 40.1% | 21.4% | 10.2% | 10.5% | 13.5% | 3.5% | $16,310 |
| Bath County | 90 | 38.3% | 17.3% | 10.1% | 9.3% | 11.2% | 4.9% | $14,247 |
| Clinton County | 91 | 45.9% | 20.6% | 9.6% | 9.1% | 19.5% | 5% | $20,000 |
| Butler County | 92 | 34.2% | 19.1% | 10% | 7% | 10.7% | 3.5% | $14,753 |
| Webster County | 93 | 28.8% | 18.5% | 9.9% | 7.1% | 6.7% | 2.6% | $14,213 |
| Pendleton County | 94 | 23.1% | 17.6% | 8.1% | 5.8% | 4.5% | 2.4% | $11,889 |
| Washington County | 95 | 29.8% | 19.3% | 9.4% | 7.2% | 8.5% | 2.7% | $13,470 |
| Metcalfe County | 96 | 42.1% | 19.8% | 11.5% | 9.7% | 13.6% | 4.5% | $15,380 |
| Edmonson County | 97 | 31.5% | 21.4% | 10.6% | 5.6% | 9.2% | 3.1% | $12,539 |
| Wolfe County | 98 | 53.9% | 20% | 10.8% | 9.1% | 24% | 7.4% | $23,604 |
| Todd County | 99 | 25.2% | 16.7% | 7.6% | 5.1% | 7.1% | 2.8% | $11,904 |
| Owen County | 100 | 32.6% | 20.4% | 10.5% | 9.1% | 8% | 3.3% | $12,891 |
| Livingston County | 101 | 35.3% | 22.7% | 12.5% | 9.4% | 7.9% | 2.5% | $16,172 |
| Cumberland County | 102 | 48.1% | 22.8% | 10.2% | 11% | 20.2% | 4% | $23,787 |
| Carroll County | 103 | 27.7% | 16.4% | 8.8% | 5.7% | 8.2% | 3.1% | $12,869 |
| McLean County | 104 | 29.6% | 20.1% | 9.7% | 8% | 7.1% | 2.4% | $15,208 |
| Lee County | 105 | 55% | 19.4% | 11% | 9.9% | 23.7% | 7.1% | $18,993 |
| Crittenden County | 106 | 35.1% | 21.7% | 11.5% | 8.5% | 9.3% | 2.6% | $14,580 |
| Lyon County | 107 | 34.5% | 23.7% | 13.2% | 9.5% | 6.4% | 1.8% | $13,685 |
| Fulton County | 108 | 44.2% | 21.6% | 11.6% | 11.9% | 12.8% | 5% | $18,121 |
| Bracken County | 109 | 30.6% | 18.3% | 10.2% | 7.9% | 6.8% | 3.3% | $13,361 |
| Owsley County | 110 | 63.2% | 20.7% | 8.5% | 11% | 31.8% | 8.4% | $28,538 |
| Menifee County | 111 | 45% | 21.5% | 12.1% | 10.4% | 14.7% | 5.1% | $17,886 |
| Trimble County | 112 | 26.8% | 18.4% | 9.1% | 6.6% | 6.5% | 2.6% | $12,933 |
| Nicholas County | 113 | 35.6% | 16.5% | 9.8% | 7.4% | 12.5% | 3.5% | $14,020 |
| Hancock County | 114 | 22.4% | 18.7% | 8.5% | 6.1% | 3.9% | 2% | $12,094 |
| Ballard County | 115 | 28% | 22.2% | 10.2% | 5.7% | 7.4% | 2.4% | $13,959 |
| Elliott County | 116 | 51.3% | 21.3% | 13.7% | 8.1% | 19.9% | 6.8% | $14,055 |
| Gallatin County | 117 | 26% | 15.4% | 6% | 5.9% | 9.1% | 2.9% | $11,197 |
| Hickman County | 118 | 30.9% | 26.1% | 9.3% | 6.7% | 10.5% | 2.4% | $17,459 |
| Carlisle County | 119 | 26.9% | 20.2% | 9.3% | 6.2% | 6.7% | 2.3% | $14,471 |
| Robertson County | 120 | 37.5% | 23.7% | 9.6% | 7.3% | 14.6% | 3.7% | $14,734 |
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